--7seg.hs
import HTurtle
import THTurtle
import Control.Monad

data Seg = A | B | C | D | E | F | G deriving (Show, Enum)
getGif :: Seg -> FilePath
getGif A = "y.gif"
getGif D = "y.gif"
getGif G = "y.gif"
getGif _ = "t.gif"
getPos :: Seg -> (Double,Double)
getPos A = (10,40)
getPos B = (20,30)
getPos C = (20,10)
getPos D = (10,0)
getPos E = (0,10)
getPos F = (0,30)
getPos G = (10,20)
onSeg,offSeg :: String -> IO ()
offSeg seg = do
    putStr seg
    putStrLn ".ht()"
onSeg seg = do
    putStr seg
    putStrLn ".st()"
mkSeg :: String -> Seg -> Double -> IO ()
mkSeg name seg offset = do
    let gif = getGif seg
    tShape name gif
    let (a,b) = getPos seg
    tMove name (a + offset, b)
setNum :: [String] -> Int -> IO [()]
setNum names n = do
    zipWithM (\x y -> if y == 1 then onSeg x else offSeg x) names (table !! n) 
table = 
    [[1,1,1,1,1,1,0],
    [0,1,1,0,0,0,0],
    [1,1,0,1,1,0,1],
    [1,1,1,1,0,0,1],
    [9,1,1,0,0,1,1],
    [1,0,1,1,0,1,1],
    [1,0,1,1,1,1,1],
    [1,1,1,0,0,0,0],
    [1,1,1,1,1,1,1],
    [1,1,1,0,0,1,1]]
main = go
go = do
    start
    s0 <- -="" mapm="" x=""> tCons ("s0" ++ show x))  [0 .. 6]
    s1 <- -="" mapm="" x=""> tCons ("s1" ++ show x))  [0 .. 6]
    mapM_ tPenup s0
    mapM_ tPenup s1
    putStrLn "s=getscreen()"
    mapM_ tReg ["t.gif","y.gif"]
    zipWithM (\x y ->mkSeg x y 0) s0 [A .. G]
    zipWithM (\x y ->mkSeg x y 30) s1 [A .. G]
    mapM_ (setNum s0) [0..9]
    end
#7seg.py

from turtle import *
import datetime
table = [[1,1,1,1,1,1,0], [0,1,1,0,0,0,0], [1,1,0,1,1,0,1], [1,1,1,1,0,0,1], [0,1,1,0,0,1,1], [1,0,1,1,0,1,1], [1,0,1,1,1,1,1], [1,1,1,0,0,0,0], [1,1,1,1,1,1,1], [1,1,1,0,0,1,1]]
s00=Turtle()
s01=Turtle()
s02=Turtle()
s03=Turtle()
s04=Turtle()
s05=Turtle()
s06=Turtle()
d0 = [s00,s01,s02,s03,s04,s05,s06]
for x in d0:
    x.penup()
s10=Turtle()
s11=Turtle()
s12=Turtle()
s13=Turtle()
s14=Turtle()
s15=Turtle()
s16=Turtle()
d1 = [s10,s11,s12,s13,s14,s15,s16]
for x in d1:
    x.penup()
s=getscreen()
s.register_shape("t.gif")
s.register_shape("y.gif")
s00.shape("y.gif")
s00.setpos(10.0,40.0)
s01.shape("t.gif")
s01.setpos(20.0,30.0)
s02.shape("t.gif")
s02.setpos(20.0,10.0)
s03.shape("y.gif")
s03.setpos(10.0,0.0)
s04.shape("t.gif")
s04.setpos(0.0,10.0)
s05.shape("t.gif")
s05.setpos(0.0,30.0)
s06.shape("y.gif")
s06.setpos(10.0,20.0)
s10.shape("y.gif")
s10.setpos(40.0,40.0)
s11.shape("t.gif")
s11.setpos(50.0,30.0)
s12.shape("t.gif")
s12.setpos(50.0,10.0)
s13.shape("y.gif")
s13.setpos(40.0,0.0)
s14.shape("t.gif")
s14.setpos(30.0,10.0)
s15.shape("t.gif")
s15.setpos(30.0,30.0)
s16.shape("y.gif")
s16.setpos(40.0,20.0)
def setNum (d,n):
    t = table [n]
    print (t)
    for x in range (7):
        if t[x] == 0: 
            d[x].ht() 
        else:
            d[x].st()
dt_now = datetime.datetime.now()
print (dt_now)
s = dt_now.second
print (s)
while True:
    dt_now = datetime.datetime.now()
    if dt_now.second == s:
        continue   
    else:
        s = dt_now.second
        q, r = divmod(s, 10)
        setNum (d0,q)
        setNum (d1,r)
done()

Haskell＋Python.Turtleでハノイの塔をグラフィカルに解きます。

-- pbm.hs
import System.IO 
import System.Environment
getI :: IO Int 
getI = getArgs >>= (\(x:_) -> (return . read) x)
main = do
    n <- getI 
    mapM_ mkpbm [1..n]
mkpbm n = do
    h <- openFile ((show n) ++ ".pbm") WriteMode
    pbm h n
    hClose h
pbm h n = do
    hPutStrLn h "P1"
    hPutStrLn h $ show (10 * n)
    hPutStrLn h "10 "
    mapM_ (\x -> hPutStrLn h (line n)) [0..9]
    where line n = take (n*10) $ ['1','1' ..]

    
-- conv.hs
import System.Process
import System.FilePath
import System.Directory
main = do
    fs <- getCurrentDirectory >>= listDirectory 
    let fss = filter (\x -> "pbm" `isExtensionOf` x) fs
    print fs
    print fss
    mapM_ conv fss
--  % convert -fill 新しい色 -opaque 古い色 orig.png new.gif
conv i = do
    let o = nf
    createProcess (proc "convert" ["-fill","brown","-opaque","black", i ,o])
    where nf = replaceExtension i "gif" 

    
-- tHanoi.hs
import HTurtle
import Control.Monad
import Control.Monad.State
import Control.Exception
import System.IO.Error
main = do
    start
    line [(0,0),(0,100)]
    line [(100,0),(100,100)]
    line [(200,0),(200,100)]
    ts <- mapM tCons [1 .. 9]
    mapM_ (flip tSpeed 10) ts
    mapM_ tPenup ts
    putStrLn "s=getscreen()"
    mapM_ tReg gs
    zipWithM  tShape  ts gs
    zipWithM tMove ts p
    runStateT  loop (9,0,0)
    end
    where   p = [(0,x*10 - 10)|x <- [9,8..1]]
            gs = [show x++".gif"|x <- [1..9]]
tSpeed :: String -> Double -> IO()
tSpeed tn sn = do
    putStr tn
    putStr "."
    speed sn
tPenup :: String -> IO ()
tPenup tn = do
    putStr tn
    putStr "."
    penup
tCons :: Int -> IO String
tCons n = do
    putStr "t"
    putStr $ show n
    putStr "="
    putStrLn "Turtle()" 
    return $ 't':show n
tShape :: String -> String -> IO ()
tShape tname gifName = do
    putStr tname 
    putStr "."
    shape gifName
tReg :: String -> IO ()
tReg gn = do
    putStr "s"
    putStr "."
    putStr "register_shape"
    putStr "("
    putStr $ show gn
    putStrLn ")" 
tMove :: String -> Point -> IO()
tMove tn p = do
    putStr tn 
    putStr "." 　　
    setPos p
loop = do 
    [a,b,c] <- liftIO $ catchIOError getLine (\_ -> return "000")
    if a == '0' 
    then return ()
    else do
        let disc = "t" ++ [a]
        let tower = getTower c
        y <- update [b,c] 
        liftIO $ tMove disc (tower,fromIntegral (y*10))
        loop
getTower 'A' = 0
getTower 'B' = 100
getTower 'C' = 200
getTower _  = 0
update "AB" = do{(a,b,c) <- get;put(a-1,b+1,c);return b}
update "AC" = do{(a,b,c) <- get;put(a-1,b,c+1);return c}
update "BA" = do{(a,b,c) <- get;put(a+1,b-1,c);return a}
update "BC" = do{(a,b,c) <- get;put(a,b-1,c+1);return c}
update "CA" = do{(a,b,c) <- get;put(a+1,b,c-1);return a}
update "CB" = do{(a,b,c) <- get;put(a,b+1,c-1);return b}
update _ = return 0
 -- HTurtle.hs

module HTurtle where
type Point = (Double,Double)

f0 :: String -> IO()
f0 s = putStrLn s
f1 :: String -> IO()
f1 s = do
    putStr s
    putStrLn "()"
f2 :: String -> Double -> IO()
f2 s n = do
    putStr s
    putStr "("
    putStr $ show n
    putStrLn ")"
f2' :: String -> Point -> IO()
f2' s p = do
    putStr s
    putStrLn $ show p
f3 :: String -> String -> IO()
f3 s s1 = do
    putStr s
    putStr "("
    putStr "\""
    putStr s1
    putStr "\""
    putStrLn ")"
dig x = x / (pi / 180)
start = f0 "from turtle import *"
end = f1 "done"
getHeading = print "a = heading()"

pensize = f2 "pensize" 
screensize p = f2' "screensize" p
polygon :: [Point] -> String -> Bool -> IO ()
polygon pp@(p:ps) color True = do
    fillColor color
    beginFill
    penup
    setPos p
    pendown
    mapM_ setPos (ps ++ [p])
    endFill
line [a,b] = penup >> setPos a >> color "black" >> pendown >> setPos b  
erase [a,b] = penup >> setPos a >> color "white" >> pendown >> setPos b >> color "black" >> penup
dot p = penup >> setPos p >> pendown >> f1 "dot" >> pendown
penup = f1 "penup"
pendown = f1 "pendown"
triangle = polygon 
circle (a,b) x = penup >> setPos (a,b-x) >> pendown >> f2 "circle" x 
speed = f2 "speed" 
shape = f3 "shape" 
color = f3 "color" 
fillColor = f3 "fillcolor" 
beginFill = f1 "begin_fill"
endFill = f1 "end_fill"
setPos = f2' "setpos" 
setx = f2 "setx"
sety = f2 "sety" 
setH x = f2 "seth" (dig x)
foward x = pendown >> f2 "fd" x 
right = f2 "right" 
left = f2 "left" 
-- end of HTurtle.hs

El Toroby La Bande De "El Toreo"RCA Victor (LSP-2538)Publication date 1962

EL TORO / PASO DOBLES PERFORMED by LA BANDA de “EL TOREO” Under the direction of Mario Ruiz Armengol Audience reaction recorded live at the Mexican bull ring “El Toreo.” AZ£R Coordinator—Herman Diaz, Jr. . . a mystique, a passion .. . that transports and ennobles. La Corrida, the “running of the bulls” or the bullfight, is one of the great spectacles of the Spanish-speaking world. It has been poetically described as a ritual challenge of death. Each time the matador triumphs over the formidable bull, he is Man facing up to Death, the Great Extinguisher, and winning a victory over it for all men. In this defiance and triumph, there is something of immortality for all men. You may be sure that that least of aficionados! sitting up there in the glaring sun of the sol zone does not ponder the experience in such exalted terms. He is probably too intent on exercising his expertise in judging the fine points of the performance of the matadors, the picadors, the banderilleros—and the bulls. Let any > of these worthies turn in what our aficionado considers less than a creditable performance and he incurs the risk of . the fearsome whistling which is the Latin equivalent of the U.S. “'boo'” or Bronx cheer. But aside from. :, the thrills, the noise and the color, there isa mystique, a passion in the corrida that transports and ennobles BA the audience. Here in this album is an attempt to capture these emotions and sensations. Here is the excited anticipation of the crowd, the surging “Olé's,” the thrilling paso doblés . ( —traditional music that accompanies the acts and actions of the drama. $ If you have ever witnessed the corrida or, like countless millions the world 'over, have vicariously experienced its expression in.all the arts—literature, painting, the dance, music,“etc.—this album will brilliantly % re-create the spectacle for you. THE SPECTACLE FROM START TO FINISH “To the Bulls! To the Bulls!” cry the cabdrivers and bus drivers .. . and the people flow like an immense river to the plaza. The sun bathes the golden sand, the band launches into a gay bullfight paso doble, and the cuadrillas make the paseo greeted by a thundering ovation. The bugle sounds and the first bull comes into the ruedo. After the suerte de varas, the matador plays the bull with his cape in sublime lances. The banderilleros spear the bull with three magnificent pairs of banderillas, and the final tercio begins. The matador advances slowly, muleta and estoque in hand— and the faena begins. Enthusiasm mounts. Each pase is chorused with a stentorian “¡olé!” A vibrant paso doble accompanies the great show of courage and art, and finally comes—““la hora de la verdad.” The matador has cuadrado the bull. There is a deep silence. These are the seconds of most intense emotion, The craftsman se perfila to enter for the kill. He then attracts the bull's attention with the muleta. The bull leaps forth like a gust of wind. The maestro stands firm against the savage attack. The estoque sinks up to the hilt between the shoulder blades of the beast... and he falls as if mortally wounded by a bolt of lightning. Irre- pressible jubilation explodes. The people applaud, they yell till they're hoarse; they turn to all kinds of noisy demonstrations to show their highest approval. The band breaks out with a lively paso doble—a glorious culmination for a splendid lidia, which is awarded the two ears and the tail. And thus for a total of six bulls. And thus the next Sunday . . . and the next... and the next. It is the national fiesta—gold, silk, blood and sun! It is the fiesta of courage, which makes the heart overflow with enthusiasm and admiration! Aficionados ... . friends . .. don't miss this corrida! To the Bulls! To the Bulls! GLOSSARY Aficionados—bullfight fans (in this case); sometimes, amateurs. Banderillero—bulifighter who thrusts small darts adorned with colored paper, called banderillas, into the withers of the bull. Cuadrar—positioning bull for the kill. Cuadrilla—the matadors “team": pica- dores (goad the bull), banderilleros (place the darts), mozo de estoques (sword bearer). Corrida—bullfight. Estoque—sword. Faena—the work done with the muleta. “La Hora de la Verdad"—“"The Moment of Truth” (the moment of killing the bull. Lance—pass with the cape. Lidia—bullfight, Matador—he who kills the bull. Muleta—cloth used to lure the bull. 1Olél—a cheer. Pase—pass made with the muleta, Paseo—the march of the cuadrillas into the bull ring. Perfilarse—one of the stances used in kill- ing the bull. Ruedo—the bull ring. Suerte or Tercio—each of the three parts into which each bullfight is divided. Suerte de varas—portion of the bullfight in which mounted picadors thrust their goads —picas—into the bulls. **¡A los toros! ¡A los toros!”, gritan cocheros y choferes + + « y los vehículos se llenan y el pueblo todo afluye como inmenso río a la plaza. El sol inunda la dorada arena. La banda ataca un alegre paso doble torero . . . y las cuadrillas hacen el paseo acogidas por estruendosa ovación. Suenan los clarines, y salta al ruedo el primer toro. Tras la suerte de varas, el matador lo torea de capa con lances sublimes. Los banderilleros le clavan tres magníficos pares de banderillas .. . y viene el último tercio. El matador se adelanta despacio, muleta y estoque en mano ... y comienza la faena. El entusiasmo va subiendo. Cada pase es coreado con un estentóreo ¡olé!. Un vibrante paso doble acompaña al derroche de valor y arte, y al fin llega .... “la hora de la verdad.” El matador ha cuadrado al toro. Se hace un profundo silencio. Son los segundos de más intensa emoción. El diestro se perfila para entrar a matar. Cita entonces al toro con la muleta. Se arranca éste como una exhalación. Aguanta el maestro a pie firme la salvaje acometida. Se hunde el estoque hasta el puño en todo lo alto del morrillo de la fiera... y ésta cae como herida de muerte por un rayo. El júbilo estalla incontenible. La gente aplaude, grita hasta enronquecer ... recurre a toda manifestación ruidosa para demostrar su exaltada aprobación .. . y la banda rompe a tocar un brioso paso doble—gloriosa culminación para tan espléndida lidia, que se premia con las dos orejas y el rabo. Y así... seis toros. Y así al otro domingo . .. y al otro ...yalotro... ¡Es la fiesta nacional—oro, seda, sangre y sol .. .! ¡Es la fiesta del valor, que hace que se desborden de entusiasmo y admiración los corazones! Aficionados ... amigos .. . ¡no se pierdan esta corrida! ¡A los toros! ¡A los toros! Emitio De Torre

コッホ曲線

import HTurtle
import Data.Complex
main = do
    start
    koch ((0,0),(400,0)) 4
    end
koch ((a,b),(c,d)) n = do
    if n == 0   then doKoch >> return ()
                else do koch (p0,p1) (n-1)
                        koch (p1,p2) (n-1)
                        koch (p2,p3) (n-1)
                        koch (p3,p4) (n-1)
    where   al = a :+ b
            be = c :+ d
            p0 = (a,b)
            p1 = let (a :+ b) = c1 in (a,b)
            p2 = let (a :+ b) = c2 in (a,b)
            p3 = let (a :+ b) = c3 in (a,b)
            p4 = (c,d)
            c1 = cid (al,be) 1 2
            c2 = sumit (c1,c3) (pi / 3)
            c3 = cid (al,be) 2 1
            doKoch = do setPos p0
                        setPos p1
                        setPos p2
                        setPos p3
                        setPos p4
cid (a,b) m n = (n * a + m * b) / (m + n)
sumit (a,b) th = (b - a) * (cos th :+ sin th) + a

Flacファイルの分割

-- fc.hs
import  Graphics.UI.Gtk 
main = do
    initGUI
    fchdal <- fileChooserDialogNew Nothing Nothing 
        FileChooserActionOpen
        [("Cancel", ResponseCancel), ("Select", ResponseAccept)]
    fchdal `set` [fileChooserDoOverwriteConfirmation := True]
    widgetShow fchdal
    response <- dialogRun fchdal
    case response of
        ResponseCancel -> putStrLn "You cancelled..."
        ResponseAccept -> do 
            nwf <- fileChooserGetFilename fchdal
            case nwf of
                Nothing -> putStrLn "Nothing" 
                Just path -> putStr path 
    w <- windowNew 
    w `set` [windowDefaultWidth := 16, windowDefaultHeight := 16]
    s <- spinnerNew
    containerAdd w s 
    widgetShowAll w
    spinnerStart s
    widgetDestroy fchdal
    fchdal `on` objectDestroy $ mainQuit
    mainGUI
-- end of fc.hs

-- t.hs
import System.Directory
import System.FilePath.Posix
import System.Process
duration :: FilePath -> IO ()
duration f = createProcess (proc "soxi" ["-D",f]) >> return ()
splitFileName' = return . splitFileName
main = do
    (d,f) <- readFile "fn" >>= splitFileName' 
    setCurrentDirectory d
    duration f 
-- end of t.hs

-- t2.hs
import System.Directory
import System.FilePath.Posix
import System.Process
getC :: IO Double
getC = getContents >>= return . read 
splitFileName' = return . splitFileName
main = do
    d <- getC 
    (dir,f) <- readFile "fn" >>= splitFileName'
    setCurrentDirectory dir
    n <- f1 d 1
    let t = d / n
    let l = f2 t n
    doComs f t l    
f1 d n = if (d / n)  < 300 then return n else f1 d (n + 1)  
f2 d n = map (\x -> x*d) [0..(n - 1)]
doComs f d l = do
    mapM_ (\x -> trim f (nf f x) x (d + 10)) (init l)
    let x = last l
    trim f (nf f x) x d
    where nf f x = "trimed" ++ show (round x) ++ takeBaseName f ++ ".flac"
trim :: FilePath -> FilePath -> Double -> Double -> IO ()
trim i o sP d = createProcess (proc "sox" [i, o,"trim", show sP, show d]) >> return ()
-- end of t2.hs

1812

 The incredible popularity in release of this version of 1812 proved not only the durable appeal of Tchaikovsky’s famous musical

3 war-horse, but also the appetite of the record-buying public for genuine sonic thrills. Thus, Mercury was prompted to seek out

another “symphonic battle piece”: Beethoven’s stormy Wellington's Victory. Here, cannons were present in the scoring, plus the

carefully-cued rattling crack of 19th century musketry. In this second recording, another “sonic spectacular” was born—and, once

again, recording history was made!

mated orchestral machine run by air pressure

which played flutes, clarinets, trumpets, violins,

cellos, drums, cymbals, triangles and so on. It

could also be made to shoot off muskets and other

weaponry. Fascinated by what the machine could

do, Beethoven agreed enthusiastically to write a

piece for the metal monster. The composer had

been a Bonapartist until 1804 when Napoleon un-

seated the French Revolution and made himself

an Emperor. At that time, he scratched the Na-

poleonic dedication from his Eroica Symphony

and joined the Anti-Bonaparte partisans. After

the Vitoria victory, he was delighted at the

chance of depicting musically the defeat of the

Emperor’s brother by the British.

In Wellington’s Victory, Beethoven wrote

carefully to the capacities of the machine, but

troubles in rigging the apparatus kept delaying

its premiere. The novelty value of the subject of

the piece was fast fading. Finally, Beethoven de-

cided quickly to re-score it for conventional or-

chestra. It was thus that it was first performed.

As the piece begins, the opposing armies intro-

duce themselves musically before doing battle.

First, faintly from the British camp (right), a

drum tattoo pulses distantly; other drums join

in; the sound grows until a thundering roar fills

the air; then, above the tumult of steady drum-

ming, trumpets sound a battle cry.'The British

cap this brilliant fanfare with a rousing version

of Rule, Britannia. From their side (left), the

French respond with their own drum-and-trum-

pet fanfare and the war song Malbrouck s’en va

ten guerre (known to Americans as The Bear

Went Over The Mountain). After these prelimi-

naries, the French challenge the British to fight

in a stirring trumpet call. The British accept,

throwing the call back with higher-pitched trum-

pets. As battle begins, the main orchestra takes

over. Throughout the clamorous battle, the Brit-

ish and French trumpets are heard distinctly

from their respective sides, rallying the troops.

Musket volleys and cannonade punctuate the

music. Soon, we notice that only the British can-

non are firing. The British have won the upper

hand; Bonaparte’s army finally shudders to a halt

in a minor-key version of the Malbrouck tune. A

victory finale, featuring a vigorous treatment of

God Save The King, brings this piéce d’occasion

to a tremendous close.

HOW THESE RECORDINGS WERE MADE

The musical portions of the Overture 1812 were

recorded in Minneapolis, while the military ef.

fects were taped at West Point. To serve as au-

thentic French weapons of a type used by Napo-

leon in 1812, Gerald C. Stowe, Curator of the

West Point Museum, selected cannons made in

France during the 18th century: one made in

Douay in 1775 (stereo version), and the other cast

in Strasbourg in 1761 (monophonic version).

To achieve a truly realistic bell effect for this

recording, it was decided to use authentic caril-

lon sounds. For the stereo version, the magnifi-

cent Laura Spelman Rockefeller Memorial Caril-

lon of New York City’s Riverside Church was

used. This instrument includes a bass-toned bell

which is the largest tuned bell in the world; the

full carillon weighs over half a million pounds.

For the monophonic version, use was obtained

of the bells of the beautiful Harkness Memorial

Tower on the Yale University campus.

The recording of Wellington’s Victory used

three orchestras in which augmented sections of

brass and percussion, flintlock muskets and a bat-

tery of field artillery comprised basic added ele-

ments. According to Beethoven’s instructions,

the musical forces were deployed in the follow-

ing manner:

His score fixes the exact point at which each of

188 cannon shots was to be fired, designating

British weaponry by a black dot @; French by a

hollow dot o. These dots appear above their re-

spective beats and measures. Entry, direction and

duration of the musket shots is indicated pre-

cisely by notation, each volley shown in tied,

trilled notes.

Again, as in recording of the 1812, weapons of

authentic style were provided by the West Point

Museum and firing was done on the grounds of

the United States Military Academy. Seven flint-

lock muskets of the Napoleonic era—both British

and French in casting—were used. The muzzle-

loading field artillery is represented by two 6-

pound smooth-bore bronze cannons and a 12-

pound bronze howitzer. The French cannon heard

here was made at Strasbourg in 1761; the British

at Woolwich in 1755; the howitzer is of a type

used by both sides in the Napoleonic wars.

Twilight of Steam

 ..the thrilling audio companion to the exciting and controversial

deluxe hard cover edition entitled /he [wilight of Steam Locomotives

by Ron Ziel

Published by GROSSET & DUNLAP, INC.

Recording Engineers: Brad Miller and Leo Kulka

Art Director / Photography: Ron Ziel

Designer: Marshall Gatewood Moseley

Side Number One

TRACK ONE As we begin our adventure in “The Twilight of steam

Locomotives” the inside front cover beholds the World famous Reader

R.R. in southwest Arkansas. This is the last 100% steam powered com-

mon-carrier mixed train to operate in the United States and according to

Mr. T. W. M. Long, President of the charming shortline, “We're in the

passenger business and having a grand time. You’all come down to see

us.” We hear No. 11, a well polished 2-6-2 making up her tri-weekly

train in the Reader yard. How about that perfectly tuned Nathan Chime

whistle, a sound to stir most anyone.

TRACK TWO On pages 11-13, you will find a recent victim of diesel-

ization, the Virginia Blue Ridge during the last days of steam. This record-

ing has 0-6-0 No. 9, shown in both photos, topping a grade near Piney

River, Virginia. Even the song birds seem to sense that the passing of an

era is very near indeed.

TRACK THREE Apparently silenced forever, the last of Southern Pacific's

esthetically pleasing G S series 4-8-4’s is shown on page 65 in retire-

ment. We hear her now during a portion of her “last run” to Reno,

Nevada in 1960. This sound was typical Espee with big and beautiful

Northern's that could start an 18 car train and roar by you at 60 mph

in nothing flat. Witness same.

TRACK FOUR Until early 1903, the Bevier & Southern in central Missouri

had a leased Burlington Mike, No. 4963. On page 96 the 2-8-2 is shown

at Bevier. Listen to her walk a string of hoppers “over the top,” past our

trackside location.

TRACK FIVE Opposite the 4903, a handsome 2-6-0 No. 9/ of the Mobile

& Gulf is portrayed quite intentionally, on page 97. Her whistle is pos-

sessed of a deep melodic charm as the Mogul awakens the Alabama

countryside during an early morning dew near Brownville.

TRACK SIX Many fascinations of the steam locomotive are evident when

viewed emerging from under a bridge. The Kentucky & Tennessee's No.

10, a husky 2-8-2 is doing just that, partially camouflaged behind her

own steam, on page 103. From the same location, we capture the Mike

with a capacity load from Mine 16 and unless some miracle happens, the

K & T will be dieselized by the time you read this for lack of spare parts

and qualified machinists for maintenance.

TRACK SEVEN Upon turning the page, a color portrait of Magma Ari-

zona’s trim No. 7, star of Cinerama’s “How The West Was Won,” presents

itself. With the temperature hovering near 105 degrees, the 2-8-2 moves

right along near Queens, on the return trip to Superior, Arizona.

TRACK EIGHT One of the very last all steam shortiines east of the

Mississippi is none other than the Mississippian, appropriately displayed

on — 106-107. No. 77 leaves the house to pick up the caboose in

the yard.

TRACK NINE A “Carolina Shortline” devotes the entire chapter to the

Graham County Railroad, which operates two Shays in the southwestern

portion of North Carolina. The indescribable beauty of No. 1926 with

engineer Ed Collins working the whistle cord over, illustrates in sound,

that which cannot be done with words or photography. The next time you

are in Bear Creek Valley, ask Ed to put on a show for you, just like

this one.

Side Number Two

TRACK ONE 0-6-0T No. 13 of the Brooklyn Eastern District Terminal is

the star of Chapter 12, pages 116-121. Here she makes her recording

debut in the very last days of BEDT steam. Listen to the flange squeel as

the side-tanker tows a box car within the shadow of Manhattan sky-

‘scrapers!

TRACK TWO “‘Last of the Narrow Gauges’—is the story of the Denver

and Rio Grande in southwestern Colorado, chapter 14. The photo opposite

the color plate shows Mikados No. 484 and 487 at the same time this

recording was made on the eastbound assault of Cumbres Pass, from the

locomotive tender.

TRACK THREE However, within this chapter, ‘‘Last of the Narrow Gauges”

there lies the resurrected ghost of Pennsylvania. Crickets with intermit-

tant gusts of wind rattling the corn stalks herald the approach of 2-8-2

No. 15 of the East Broad Top as her whistle echoes across the Aughwick

Valley. Author Ron Ziel exclaims, “This is simply a great sound track!”

TRACK FOUR Sharing fame and fortune with other “Excursion Engines

of the '60's” chapter 17, were Reading's T—1's. From the very first,

No. 2124 to the very last, No. 2102, these beautiful Northern's thrilled

“STEREOMONIC 18 THE REGISTERED TRADE MARK OF INTERNATIONAL SOUND CORP.

hundreds of thousands of people in the population density of east-central

Pennsylvania. October, 1963 saw these 4-8-4’s under steam for the last

time. We join Trains Magazine in saying “Thank you” to the Reading for

a delight that will be unsurpassed for years to come. On an earlier “Iron

Horse Ramble” in 1961, No. 2124 has just been cut off and is standing

on a siding, saluting No. 2100 as she heads the special towards Valley

Forge.

TRACK FIVE Canada's last excursion engine is the 616/, featured in a

two page spread of sub-zero weather. Yes, those pages look mighty cold

as the mighty Northern makes mock work of her train in tow as she

effortlessly gains speed leaving the yard board at Toronto, Ontario.

TRACK SIX Just turn the page and you'll find the “Cozy and Friendly,

The Strasburg” puffing through the cemetery. And that’s exactly the

sound you are hearing as well. Let us know if any other “ghosts” bother

you, that is other than 0-6-0 No. 31.

TRACK SEVEN And turn the page once again to face “The Great Teacher,

No. 4960.” My, what an aggressive management that makes available an

authentic steam locomotive such as this 2-8-2 for school children excur-

sions and at the bottom of their inter-department transportation notices

state “make every effort to handle with fact in mind these children will

be future shippers and passengers of the Burlington.” Leave it to the Q,

a railroad that is currently making passenger traffic history, to go one

step further. Let’s listen as the spunky Mikado walks up the grade from

Ottawa, Illinois, enroute to Streator with several hundred happy young:

sters. By the way, that bird was a little upset being covered with cinders

and such. Shouldn't happen to a bird.

TRACK EIGHT lo close Volume One of “Iwilight of Steam” we have

selected an unusual track in that this sound story is all but forgotten in

the annals of history. Fifty carlengths ahead and around a curve, Buffalo

Creek & Gauley 2-8-0 No. 14 puts air into the train and whistles off.

Then the slack comes roaring down the river canyon at Dundon and the

train leaves for Widen. This is the sound that is so familiar to those

crewmen whose home away from home was a caboose. To be continued.

i you are unable to purchase either this record or the hard cover book

edition, through your dealer, write directly to: Mobile Fidelity, Burbank,

California 91503. Brochure will be sent upon request.

SONIC-SEVEN is the name given to the combination of technical ad-

vances and achievements contained in this recording. Under the supervision

and development of Leo ‘Kulka, chief engineer for International Sound

Studios and pioneered in its use by Brad Miller, engineer/producer for

Mobile Fidelity Records, SONIC-SEVEN approaches a new spectrum of

dynamic sound reproduction

Special microphone techniques were designed to re-create the peculiarities

and acoustical conditions of the terrain. Depending on weather conditions

and air temperatures, the following microphones were used, independently:

Neumann, SM-2 Stereo Condenser; AKG ribbon dynamic D24b; Electro Voice

dynamic 666. The Neumann SM-2 used in the Sun and Difference method

of stereo recording was matrixed to left-right stereo. Original master record

ing was accomplished on Ampex 350-2 equipment, and the signal then fed

to the fully automatic Neumann Master Disc Lathe through a fully transis-

torized control board without the use of a single transformer or vacuum

tube. Frequency response of this board is + 1 db from 5 to 100,000 cps.

Intermodulation and harmonic distortion is virtually non-existent.

With the fully automatic Neumann Lathe, and the Teldec Cutting System

with automatic variable pitch and depth control, the complete dynamic range

is preserved at all times. Within the Teldec System is incorporated a process

known as STEREOMONIC, which makes this disc compatible for FM stereo

Multiplex broadcasting as well as stereo-monaural playback system com-

patibility for the home. Yes, you may use this disc on ANY Phonograph

Player, Stereo or Monaural, without damage to record or needle.

Then, to an absolutely clean SONIC-SEVEN master, add the POLYMAX

disc material, which unlike Vinyl, retains all transient response to a fine

degree for unequaled brilliance in sound reproduction and is 100% static

free.

There you have it. The dynamic big picture of SONIC-SEVEN.

' Listen, and compare!”

The Fading Giant: Sounds Of Steam Railroading Vol. 2

 THE FADING GIANT (Sounds of Steam Railroading Vol. 2)

Not one in a million Americans ever again will ride a scheduled mainline

passenger train behind a live and breathing steam locomotive. That time is gone.

Remembrance of the unique, indefinable glow in such trips fades and dis-

appears. It was a singular thriil, that steam train riding, a sense of high adven-

ture wrapped in warm well-being: The start from the pulsing terminal, the

yards with their clickings and bangings, chuffings and quick glimpses of other

travellers on other trains, the open country where whistles made no distinction

between thronged highways and farmers’ lanes, the solid roar of bridges be-

neath, and the always unexpected smash of tunnels with darkness all around

and echoes banging upon echoes. And the little stations: A long wailing

engine call and the hiss of slowing to the local agent’s platform domain. The

start with its first uncertain puff, then the thythmic power growing heavier

and heavier, quicker and quicker until the car wheels ticked the rail joints

into new, strange lands.

That time is gone. But “The Fading Giant” will bring you back the memory

strong and clear. For half this record was made on a train in the last days of

passenger steam on the mountainous Norfolk & Western. Few such recordings

have been made successfully. They are usually distorted. On train sounds — as

car wheels or the locomotive’s roar dominates the ear. The feeling of actually

riding the train simply isn’t there, But after long expetimentation Link and his

assistants found the proper place for the microphone and added their knowl-

edge of techniques to create a-balanced image.

‘When you close your eyes and listen to Side A of “The Fading Giant” you

are the locomotive screeching steel around New River curves, feeling the tug of

10 cars up Bluefield Mountain, plunging through the sharp tunnels of the high

Alleghanies. Your voice touches the coal tipples in Keystone, Welch and

Kimball and rebounds from Big Four Tunnel and Antler and Hemphill

Number Two. It is an experience in sound.

“Fading Giant's” Side B takes you to a roundhouse, to the 3% grades of the

N&W’s renowned Abingdon Branch and to a Virginia flag stop on Christmas

Eve. The engine facility sequence brings some seldom-heard rail sounds as a

Mountain type locomotive shuffles from stall to turntable to coal wharf and

back again. The two transcripts from the twisting line into the clouds are

superb renderings of a half-century-old steamer as it struggles up the Carolina

and Virginia sides of 5520 foot-high White Top Mountain. There are frequent

solos by the only whistle of its kind anywhere, a sound described by one rail-fan

as “the most goose-bumpy I ever heard!”

With Christmas chimes as a backdrop, the New Orleans-Washington train

comes to Rural Retreat (an actual town with real chimes — no name inventing

or dubbing) as a fitting close to “The Fading Giant.”

It was said that Link's previous record “Sounds of Steam Railroading,” was

“a collectors item which can never be reproduced.” Volume Two goes further,

deeper into the recording of an era of sound, now gone forever from the

American scene.

Sipe A Volume 2

‘This is an entire mainline steam passenger run condensed to

27 minutes. Actually it comprises five excerpts from the recording

of a complete 401-mile roundtrip of N&W Trains 15 and 16,

“The Cavaliers” between Roanoke, Va. and Williamson, W. Va.

But it holds together tightly as a rounded sound picture of a

passenger operation through river valleys and over rough moun-

tains. You can close your eyes, relax and let nostalgia take over.

You're on a steam train again!

The recording was made on a bright Sunday in the late spring

of 1958, just a few weeks before “the finest passenger engine

ever made” — the Class J, streamlined 600s — were placed on a

standby basis, Most of the sound comes from a microphone im-

mediately back of the tender, shielded from the wind and guarded

so boiler and wheel noises assume their proper proportion.

The record opens with Train 15, Engine 611, westbound,

wheeling and whistling happily along New River in extreme

western Virginia. The baggageman pulls the air three times for

a flag stop at Pembroke. Engineer acknowledges with three shorts,

then recognizes another flag from the Pembroke agent with two

shorts. She pulls to the platform and compressors pant. There is

a five-blast call to the flagman, brakes are released and Fifteen

chuffs away. Sequence fades with the train running smartly west

of Pembroke.

Returning Train 16, Engine 605,

has reached a point west of Davy,

W. Va. in late afternoon. It is truly

rugged country and the locomotive

fights up Tug Fork of the Big Sandy

over bridges and through tunnels.

There is frequent whistling because

rails lie through an almost continu-

ous sprawling line of coal-mining

communities. We hear those whis-

tes, then Twin Branch Tunnel, then

a whistle i a tunnel. Cylinders spit

nicely as she comes out coasting. There is a cacaphony of whistles as 16 stops at Davy. There

is skidding shortly after the start and the horn of a westbound freight can be heard faintly —

the only diesel sound in the entire record. The train then whistles for and passes through

Antler Tunnel.

Now comes a fine recording of a train entering and leaving a small station. Train 16,

slowing, blows and enters West Vivian Tunnel, then eases out to make a fine stop at Kimball,

As she leaves the exhaust echoes from a string of hoppers on a siding. A crossing whistle

ends the sequence.

Sixteen is entering Welch from the west through the two long Hemphill Tunnels and

Welch Tunnel. There is fine whistling both in and out of tunnels and good track sound.

She crosses a trestle over the Tug River, then eases up a main street of the town to the station.

‘Automobile sounds and voices can be heard over the clash of the couplers.

It is twilight now as “The Cavalier” leaves Keystone, W. Va. and whistles frequently as it

makes the mile and a half run to North Fork. Wheels loudly protest the sharp curves and

the train rumbles over short bridges. Voices from children on the platform are picked up as

she eases into North Fork. The start is neat and the 605’s exhaust is echoed from the sharp

cliffs and buildings. The fade-out comes as Train 16 pounds up Bluefield Mountain toward

Elkhorn Tunnel.

Sipe & Volume 2

1. Scene is the Norfolk & Western roundhouse at Bristol, Va.-Tenn. where until January I,

1958 the road’s steam engines still operated to connect with the Southern’s line from Knoxville

and the Deep South. Sequence opens with the roundhouse whistle signalling the end of the

second trick lunch period, Engine 104, a 4-8-2 which 35 years before had been the queen of

che passenger trade is ending her career as custodian of the daily local freight between Bristol

and Radford, She signals, moves from her roundhouse stall to the turntable, The ratchetty,

whirring table creaks and jars her into position to ease off the table and pass the microphone

at a second position. The locomotive chuffs to a switch and backs up on the coal wharf siding

to pass the listener again. After servicing 104 returns to her berth, ready for the next days

chores.

2. On the return trip over the high, inaccessible mountains near the Virginia-lennessee-

North Carolina meeting point, N&W Mixed Train 202 takes a running start’ for the

heavier grades to come as it powers past the battered store-post office at Husk, N. C

(pop. 78). We hear the labored distant exhaust, then the nonesuch whistle of Engine 382

(said to have been made especially for Engineet Nichols). Again the whistle, and again.

Now there is response from Jimbo, the Hound of Husk, who has heard it twice a day for

years but cannot resist his painful obligato. The mighty little 51-year-old twelve-wheele:

with its load of four freight cars, a combine and a coach approaches to crescendo and

passes with never a let-up in its pounding drive. There is no business today at Husk, N. C

("Nella” on the timetable). Engine 382 works harder in the distance as grade increase:

From 1.4 to  2%.The wondrous whistle echoes from the cliffs and she is gone

3. Green Cove is a mountain settlement on one of the two isolated level spots in the solid

17-mile climb of the N&W’s “Virginia Creeper” from Damascus, Va. to White Top Station's

3577-foot level — highest point reached by a passenger train east of the Rockies. Until Decem-

ber 1957, when the diesels came Engine 382 and her train from another century made the

daily-except-Sunday ascent each morning around 10 spouting a volcanic plume of black

and an ear-wracking blast as she inched up the 3% grade. Over the crickets we hear her distant

laborings, the exhaust bouncing from the narrow cuts. There is the whee! of steel on steel

and the little engine slows to a protesting crawl. Then comes the incredible whistle and more

fighting until a station blast announces that the 200-yard stretch of level land is near. With

bell ringing and safety valve open she drifts to a stop. Then the clank of slack and Engine 382

starts slowly and confidently on the last three twisting 39% miles to the top. A long crossing

blast ends the sequence.

4. It is 9:39 P.M. on Christmas Eve, 1957 in Rural Retreat, Va., a farming community

near the highest point on the N&W’s line from Bristol to Radford. Mrs. J. E. Dodson plays

carols on the Lutheran Church chimes, From far to the southwest comes the distinctive

whistle of a Class J locomotive No. 603 powering Train 42, "The Pelican,” eastbound from

New Orleans to Washington. Old heads in southwestern Virginia still call 42 “The

Vestibule,” dating it to the time in the ‘nineties when it was the region's first train with

enclosed platforms. “Silent Night” floats over the village as the rumble grows. Another

whistle and the warning bell on the automatic crossing gate begins its clangor. The bell

ceases as 42 blows and comes with a rush, its 17 cars rumbling across the highway to a

quick flag stop at the wooden station. It pauses with a final squeal but almost immediately

moves again, the 603 sure in its rhythm. There is another whistle as “The Vestibule” fills

the night with power. The chimes continue above a far farewell salute. Seven nights later

the last steam engine ran over the Bristol Line.

Assistance in recording side A Thomas Haskell Garver

Recording Christmas Sequence at Rural Retreat Roy Zider

All Copy: Ben Bane Dulaney N&W Ry.

Design and layout of album cover and liner Salem Tamer and Bob Roche

Mastering by Hydrofeed — Jack Matthews — Components Corp.

Calor Gaveriprinted by Color Grafhan Gaston| Oxcnast—1 Stan fordnGore

All photography: QO. Winston Link

*Color Cover photograph made as Train 202 crossed Bridge 8 North of Alvarado, Va

on the Abingdon Branch.

Haskell＋ffmpeg hmpeg.hs

import System.Process
import System.Directory
import System.FilePath.Posix
import Control.Monad
import Data.List
doCom x f = createProcess 
    (proc "ffmpeg" ["-i",x,"-sample_fmt", "s16", "-ar", "44100",nf])
    where nf = f:".flac"
filtFile fi = return . filter (\x -> takeExtension x == fi) 
sort' = return . sort 
main = do
    fs <- getCurrentDirectory >>= listDirectory >>= filtFile ".flac" >>= sort' 
    print fs
    zipWithM_ (\x y -> doCom x y) fs ['a' .. 'z']

シェルピンスキーのギャスケット。Haskell＋Python.turtle

import HTurtle
import Data.Complex
main = do
    let p0 = (0,0)
    let p1 = (200.00000000000006,346.41016151377545)
    let p2 = (400,0)
    start
    speed 10
    shape "turtle"
    triangle [p0,p1,p2] "black" True
    sg 3 [p0,p1,p2] 
    end
sg n [a,b,c] = do
    triangle [mp0,mp1,mp2] "white" True
    if n <= 1 
    then return () 
    else do 
        sg (n-1) [a, mp0,mp2]
        sg (n-1) [b,mp0,mp1]
        sg (n-1) [c,mp2,mp1]
    where
        mp0 = mp (a,b)
        mp1 = mp (b,c)
        mp2 = mp (c,a)
mp ((a,b),(c,d)) = let (e:+f) = c2 in (e,f)
    where 
        c0 = (a:+b)  
        c1 = (c:+d)  
        c2 = (c0+c1)/2

ハブ、リム、マーク合わせ

     
import HTurtle
import Data.Complex
import System.Environment
data Circle = Circle {center :: Point, r :: Double}
getP :: Circle -> Double -> Point
getP c radian = let (a :+ b) = c0 in (a,b)
    where   c0 = mkPolar (r c) radian
drawCircle :: Circle -> IO()
drawCircle c = circle (center c) (r c)
getAs :: IO [Double]
getAs = do
    as <- getArgs
    return $ map read as
main = do
    [a,b,c,d] <- getAs 

    start
    screensize (3000,2500)
    pensize 5
    speed 10
    let c0 = Circle (0,0) a
    print $ getP c0 pi 
    drawCircle c0
    let c1 = Circle (0,0) b
--    drawCircle c1
    dot (0,0)
    mapM_ dot $ dots0 c0 c
    mapM_ dot $ dots1 c1 c 
    color "red"
    line [p0 b c d, p1 a c] "red"
    let (aa,bb) = p0 b c d
    line [p2 (aa :+ bb), dots0 c0 c !! 1] "red"
    color "blue"
    line [(0,0), (getP c0 ((yen / (c*2) * (-1)) * 3))] "blue"
    end
dots0 c h = map (\x -> getP c x) $ take (round h) [0 , (yen / h) ..]
dots1 c h = map (\x -> getP c x) $ take (round (h/2)) [x + yen/h|x <- [0, (yen / (h/2)) ..]]
yen = pi * 2
p0 r h k = let (a :+ b) = x in (a,b)
    where  x = mkPolar r (yen / (h / 2) * (k - 1) / 2)
p1 r h = let (a :+ b) = x in (a,b)
    where x = mkPolar r (yen / h * (-1))
p2 c = let (a :+ b) = conjugate c in (a,b)

HTurtle.hs

 -- HTurtle.hs
module HTurtle where
type Point = (Double,Double)

f0 :: String -> IO()
f0 s = putStrLn s
f1 :: String -> IO()
f1 s = do
    putStr s
    putStrLn "()"
f2 :: String -> Double -> IO()
f2 s n = do
    putStr s
    putStr "("
    putStr $ show n
    putStrLn ")"
f2' :: String -> Point -> IO()
f2' s p = do
    putStr s
    putStrLn $ show p
f3 :: String -> String -> IO()
f3 s s1 = do
    putStr s
    putStr "("
    putStr "\""
    putStr s1
    putStr "\""
    putStrLn ")"
start = f0 "from turtle import *"
end = f1 "done"
pensize = f2 "pensize" 
screensize p = f2' "screensize" p
polygon :: [Point] -> String -> Bool -> IO ()
polygon pp@(p:ps) color True = do
    fillColor color
    beginFill
    penup
    setPos p
    pendown
    mapM_ setPos (ps ++ [p])
    endFill
line ps c = polygon ps c True
dot p = penup >> setPos p >> pendown >> f1 "dot" >> pendown
penup = f1 "penup"
pendown = f1 "pendown"
triangle = polygon 
circle (a,b) x = penup >> setPos (a,b-x) >> pendown >> f2 "circle" x 
speed n = f2 "speed" n
shape t = f3 "shape" t
color c = f3 "color" c
fillColor c = f3 "fillcolor" c
beginFill = f1 "begin_fill"
endFill = f1 "end_fill"
setPos (a,b) = f2' "setpos" (a,b) 
setx x = f2 "setx" x
sety y = f2 "sety" y
-- end of HTurtle.hs
     
      

Organ Works by Bach; Heinz Wunderlich; Three Centuries Of Musick / ORYX (3C 304)1971

 ‘We cannot be grateful enough for the fact that, though the church

itself went up in flames, the Arp Schnitger organ of St. Jacobi in Hamburg survived the in-

ferno of the Second World War intact. This unique instrument comes from the Golden Age

of North German organ building. It still contains a stop of the organ which was built bet-

ween 1512 and 1516 by Harmen Stiiven and Jacob Iversand after a fourth nave had been

added to the church. Many alterations were made to the organ of St. Jacobi in subsequent

years. Famous master organ builders especially from the Scherer family, Jacob Scherer,

Hans Scherer the elder, Hans Scherer the younger and Fritz Scherer, as well as Dirck Hoyer

and Hans Bockelmann all worked on this organ. Already in 1635 four manuals and pedals

were added to the organ by Gottfried Fritzsche. This is the instrument that Matthias Weck-

mann found when he took up his post at St. Jacobi in 1654.

~ His successor, Heinrich Frese, persuaded the church authorities to get in touch with the

famous organ builder Arp Schnitger. Schnitger had built a large number of important organs

“in and around Hamburg. In particular, in the years between 1674 and 1678 he had made

an-excellent job of the organ of the neighbouring church of St. Peter’s (which is no longer in

existence). Schnitger submitted three proposals for the rebuild of the organ and although

originally the medium plan was favoured, it was the largest that was in fact executed.

While the work was in progress Schnitger and his assistants lived in Frese’s house near the

church, He began the work in 1689 and on the Friday after Easter 1690, the 25th. April, the

new organ was so far completed that it could be played on the manuals.

But it took a long time to finish the work and it was not until February 14, 1693 that the

whole work was tested and approved by the organists Andreas Knoller of St. Peter’s and

Christian Flohr from Liineburg and Vincent Liibeck from Stade. The total cost came to

about 30000 Taler, a considerable sum for those days, though it has to be remembered that

wealthy members of the congregation probably made substantial contributions.

In his rebuild Arp Schnitger incorporated a large number of very valuable and beautiful

old ranks of pipes out of regard for the masters of the earlier organs, working them into

an organic whole.

The uniqueness of this organ derives from the fact that the tonal development can be

traced back to 1512 and has been preserved continuously and systematically since that time.

It may be presumed that it was played on by, among others, Georg Bohm, who lived for a

time in the parish of St. Jacobi and Georg Friedrich Handel who was shown the Hamburg

organs by Mattheson. When Heinrich Frese died in September 1720 and the organistship of

St. Jacobi became vacant, Johann Sebastian Bach applied for the post. Bach had played on

the organ of St. Catherine’s church before a select audience which included the nearly

hundred years old Reinken and he was therefore excused an audition at St. Jacobi. But

neither his outstanding ability nor the fact that his librettist Erdmann Neumeister was

chief pastor of St. Jacobi and keenly urged that he should be elected, were able to give

Bach precedence over his rival candidates. Joachim Heitmann was in a position to pay 4000

marks into the church coffers (the evil custom of »selling« vacant posts had been adopted

in Hamburg for some time) and so he was given the post coveted by Bach. From Mattheson

(Musikalische Patrioten) we know that the disappointed chief pastor Neumeister made the

following remark in his sermon on the following Christmas Day: »I definitely believe that

if even one of the angels of Bethlehem came down from heaven, played divinely and

wanted to become organist of St. Jacobi but had no money, he might as well fly back home

again.«

Needless to say, in subsequent years the organ inevitably underwent minor repairs. During

the French occupation slight damage was caused by the military. The fact that in spite of

changes in taste the organ has remained tonally almost intact may be regarded as the achie-

vement of Heinrich Schmahl who was organist and organ adviser at St. Jacobi from 1864-92.

In the year 1917 the church was compelled to give up the large pewter pipes of the screen

for war purposes. Even though the lowest notes of the organ have no important influence

on its tonal structure, it is deeply to be regretted from the antiquarian point of view that it

was not possible to prevent this loss.

In 1928-30 the Arp Schnitger organ of St. Jacobi in Hamburg was comprehensively

restored by the organ builder Karl Kemper. The pipes surrendered in the First World War

were copied and reinstalled. In addition, the missing notes of the short octaves were added.

Hitherto their absence had greatly hindered the performance of many organ works, includ-

ing those of J.S. Bach. Only a brief ten years life were granted to the restored and now

world famous instrument to which, as Albert Schweitzer had predicted, pilgrimages were

made by German and foreign organists, organ builders and music lovers. The Second World

War made it necessary for the organ to be put in safe keeping. When the church of St.

Jacobi was destroyed by fire in 1944 the case and console were burnt but all the pipes and

the wind chest survived in an air-raid shelter.

The restoration of the church was completed in 1959. It was then possible for work to begin

on restoring the organ to its original position in the church. It had been set up provisionally

in an aisle used for services. The rebuild was carried out by E. Kemper & Son of Liibeck.

The restoration of the screen was carried out by the architects Hopp & Jager in colla-

boration with the experts on the care of ancient monuments, Professor Grundmann and Dr.

Gerhardt. In order that the Schnitger organ may reproduce its original authentic sound as

far as possible it has not been tuned to equal temperament but in mean tone.

Arp-Schnitger Organ Hauptkirche St. Jacobi Hamburg

Riickpositiv Hauptwerk Oberwerk Brustwerk

Prinzipal 8’ Prinzipal 16’ Prinzipal 8° Holzprinzipal 8°

Quintadena 8’ Quintadena 16’ Rohrfléte 8’ Oktave 4’

Gedackt 8’ Oktave 8’ Holzfléte 8° Hohlfléte 4’

Oktave 4’ Spitzflote 8° Oktave 4’ Waldfléte 2’

Blockfléte 4’ Viola da Gamba 8’ —_Spitzflite 4’ Sesquialtera 2fach

Oktave 2’ Oktave 4” Nasat 22/3’ Scharff 4—6fach

Quinte 27/3” Rohrfléte 4’ Oktave 2’ Trichterregal 8’

Siffldte 1/3" Superoktave 2’ Gemshorn 2’ Dulcian 8’

Sesquialtera 2fach —_Flachfléte 2’ Scharff 6fach

Scharff 6—8fach Rauschpfeife 2fach | Cymbel 3fach

Dulcian 16’ Mixtur 6—8fach Trompete 8°

Birpfeife 8’ Trompete 16’ Trompete 4

Schalmey 4’ Vox humana 8"

Pedal Subba 16° Rauschpfeife 3fach Dulcian 16°

Oktave 8” Mixtur 6—8fach — Trompete 8’

Prinzipal 32’ Oktave 4’ Posaune 32’ Trompete 4’

Oktave 16° Nachthorn 2’ Posaune 16’ Cornet 2’